I Am A Sense Of Reality - 2207 Words

Knowing My Stranger A sense of reality was the definition that I was given of worldview, but what does â€Å"a sense of reality† really mean to me? After further discussion in class, I began to understand the meaning of this definition a little bit better. Worldview is the framework to the ideas and beliefs that I may have that help me interpret the world and how I may relate with it. Also, another way I looked at worldview to understand it better is that worldview is my perception of the universe, mankind, and our place in it. People’s worldview make-up their personal identity. Everyone looks at the world differently only because of their own culture, the way they were raised, and personal experiences they have been through. This then makes†¦show more content†¦Hospitality is a lively, courageous, and convivial way of living that challenges our compulsion either to turn away or to turn inward and disconnect ourselves from others. In present day the concept of hospitality has changed into a more commercial industry method of hospitality. Hospitality is a personal response to your own need to connect with other people. Institutions are essential to the practice of hospitality, is not simply a matter of pleasantries but of finding ways to identify with the experiences and perspectives of marginalized people. Due to hospitality being transformed into an industry and organizations running what hospitality is, we have lost that ability to create connections with strangers. Throughout our readings the authors continue to express how hospitality should/needs to come from those of privilege. The belief is that those of privilege are responsible to attempt to marginalize themselves to attempt a sense of understanding of those living in the margins. Upper socio economic status provides those who are privileged with the ‘proper’ tools to provide those who are the least, last, and lost, with proper hospitality. At least this is what most believe, I would argue against it. â€Å"Once we have found the center of our life in our own heart and have accepted our aloneness, not as a fate but as a vocation, we are able to offer freedom to others. Once we have given up our desire to be fully fulfilled, we can

Enzyme Structure and Functions Free Essays

ENZYME STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS: Enzymes are biological catalysts. They increase the rate of reactions by a factor of between 106 to 1012 times, allowing the chemical reactions that make life possible to take place at normal temperatures Definition of enzyme: A protein with catalytic properties due to its power of specific activation is defined as an enzyme. STRUCTURE Enzymes are proteins their function depends on its complexity. We will write a custom essay sample on Enzyme Structure and Functions: or any similar topic only for you Order Now The reaction takes place in a small part of the enzyme called the active site, while the rest of the protein acts as â€Å"scaffolding†. The shape and the chemical environment inside the active site permits a chemical reaction to proceed more easily Many enzymes need cofactors (or coenzymes) to work properly. Tightly bound cofactors are called prosthetic groups Cofactors that are bound and released easily are called coenzymes These can be metal ions (such as Fe2+, Mg2+, Cu2+) or organic molecules (such as haem, biotin, FAD, NAD or coenzyme A). Many of these are derived from dietary vitamins, which is why they are so important. The complete active enzyme with its cofactor is called a holoenzyme, while just the protein part without its cofactor is called the apoenzyme. HW DOES AN ENZYME WORK? 1) REACTION MECHANISM 2) MOLECULAR GEOMETRY REACTION MECHANISM: In any chemical reaction, a substrate (S) is converted into a product (P) In an enzyme-catalysed reaction, the substrate first binds to the active site of the enzyme to form an enzyme-substrate (ES) complex, then the substrate is converted into product whilst attached to the enzyme, and finally the product is released, thus allowing the enzyme to start all over again An example is the action of the enzyme sucrase hydrolysing sucrose into glucose and fructose. MOLECULAR GEOMETRY The substrate molecule is complementary in shape to that of the active site. It was thought that the substrate exactly fitted into the active site of the enzyme molecule like a key fitting into a lock (the now discredited ‘lock and key’ theory). This explains enzyme specificity This explains the loss of activity when enzymes denature The Induced Fit Hypothesis  : * Some proteins can change their shape (conformation) When a substrate combines with an enzyme, it induces a change in the enzyme’s conformation * The active site is then moulded into a precise conformation * Making the chemical environment suitable for the reaction * The bonds of the substrate are stretched to make the reaction easier (lowers activation energy) ENERGY CHANGES  : Energy needed for initial reaction is known as ACTIVATION ENERGY. The larger the activation energy is, the slower the reaction will be. This is because only a few substrate molecules will have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier. Enzymes reduce the activation energy of a reaction so that the kinetic energy of most molecules exceeds the activation energy required and so they can react. Factors affecting Enzymes substrate concentration pH temperature enzyme concentration inhibitors SUBSTARTE CONCENTRATION The rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction is also affected by substrate concentration. As the substrate concentration increases, the rate increases because more substrate molecules can collide with active sites, so more enzyme-substrate complexes form. At higher concentrations the enzyme molecules become saturated with substrate, and there are few free active sites, so adding more substrate doesn’t make much difference The maximum rate at infinite substrate concentration is called vmax, and the substrate concentration that gives a rate of half vmax is called KM. These quantities are useful for characterising an enzyme. A good enzyme has a high vmax and a low KM. pH Enzymes have an optimum pH at which they work fastest. For most enzymes this is about pH 7-8 (normal body pH), but a few enzymes can work at extreme pH. The pH affects the charge of the amino acids at the active site, so the properties of the active site change and the substrate can no longer bind. TEMPERATURE: Enzymes have an optimum temperature at which they work fastest. For mammalian enzymes this is about 40 °C. Up to the optimum temperature the rate increases geometrically with temperature. Above the optimum temperature the rate decreases as more of the enzyme molecules denature. The thermal energy breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the secondary and tertiary structure of the enzyme together, so the enzyme loses its shape Q10 (the temperature coefficient) = the increase in reaction rate with a 10 °C rise in temperature. ENZYME CONCENTRATION As the enzyme concentration increases the rate of the reaction also increases, because there are more enzyme molecules (and so more active sites), available to catalyse the reaction therefore more enzyme-substrate complexes form INHIBITORS Inhibitors inhibit the activity of enzymes, reducing the rate of their reactions. 2 TYPES: Competitive and non competitive COMPETITIVE: A competitive inhibitor molecule has a similar structure to the substrate molecule, and so it can fit into the active site of the enzyme. It therefore competes with the substrate for the active site, so the reaction is slower. Increasing the concentration of substrate restores the reaction rate and the inhibition is usually temporary and reversible. NON COMPETITIVE: A non-competitive inhibitor molecule is quite different in structure from the substrate and does not fit into the active site. It binds to another part of the enzyme molecule, changing the shape of the whole enzyme, including the active site, so that it can no longer bind substrate molecules. Non-competitive inhibitors therefore simply reduce the amount of active enzyme. How to cite Enzyme Structure and Functions:, Essay examples

Actual Documentation of Hospital Incidents †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Actual Documentation of Hospital Incidents. Answer: Introduction: Informal assessment- It is the process of obtaining information from client to make judgment regarding a behavior or issue by using other means than standardized instruments and procedures. In other words, it can be said that informal assessment methods is based on running records and examination of current performance. This method can be used in the context of evaluating a childs performance and learning process (Drummond et al. 2015). For instance, early child educators may use observation methods, maintain anecdotal records, running records and checklist to evaluate a childs skills and knowledge. Such methods provide insight into the particular behavior and document performance of client. Formal assessment- Formal assessment method is data driven method, which use standardized measures and written document to investigated about any issue faced by clients. Such assessment method is useful in responding to clients concern such as reporting about bullying incidents in work place. The use of formal assessment method facilitates obtaining and retrieving written complains and then acting according to organizational policies and protocol to address the issue (Drummond et al. 2015). Domain-based assessment- This form of assessment is mainly done to stipulate specific domain or areas of life, which influences clients ability to manage important issues in their life. It can also be called as life domain guided assessment which focus on identifying strength and weakness of a person according to life domain of attitudes and values, social and recreational skill and crisis and safety or mental health. This is a pervasive assessment method which may be used by therapist while interacting with a mentally ill patient. This method may also be used during counseling session to identify specific domain of client and the promote student development (Frisch 2014). Norm-based assessment- Norm based assessment is the process of evaluating students learning by evaluating them against their peers performance. Hence, this method is used in the context of evaluating students perform at classroom, local or national level. It helps to determine the best performing students who received the highest grades (Norm-referenced assessment 2017). By the use of norm referenced assessment measures, a students performance is measured by comparing it with performance of other students in the same age group. The method has also found usage in special education where the process helps to identify the students who may be eligible for special services (Shute and Kim, 2014). Hence, the population is pre-defined in such assessment with respect to the trait being measured. Strength based assessment- Strength based assessment is a collaborative method of assessment used in counseling sessions to identify strength and skills of person and find out what can a person do to improve their relationship with family or the wider social community. The interview and interaction with the client helps to determine the specific areas, which can motivate clients and excite them to improve their lives. This assessment is useful for person, who are affected social and mental health issues. The assessment promotes identifying strength and using the clients capability and motivation aspects to solve problem and engage in decision making (Rashid 2015). Competency based assessment- Competency based assessment is mainly done in workplace to collect evidence of competence in an individual in accordance with the standards required in specific organization. The assessment process is mainly a part of the learning process to identify and negotiate with trainees to develop their competence level in jobs. The main advantage of competency based assessment is that it allows employees to develop their skills or competence in job and facilitate applying constructive approach to develop competence of staffs (Rashid 2015). There might be situations in which reporting about clients issue become important. This may include scenario or event, which might seriously harm the client and comes in the way of their health and safety. Example of such events may include serious injuries in workplace, presence of serious hazards or risk in workplace, experience of abuse in workplace and many other events that might cause harm to workers. The main purpose of reporting about injuries or adverse event in workplace is that reporting procedures makes supervisor or work provider aware about such events and they can intervene on time to take actions for the protection of the affected person and implement procedures to prevent such events in workplace (Arnetz et al. 2015). Compulsory reporting is also necessary for nurses to report about abuse and for aged care staffs to protect their residents from injury according to the Aged Care Act 1997 (Guide for reporting reportable assaults | Ageing and Aged Care 2017). While reporting about adverse events or injuries in client, the following needs to be included in the report: Reporting about type of abuse, injury or accident Detail about the affected person and occupation Detail about the person involved in abuse or the factor which resulted in injury or accident Time, date and location of events Details about how the event occurred and contributing causes Evaluation of potential losses sustained to the organization and client Recommendation about corrective action and follow-up plan (CHCCCS009: Reporting and recording incidents 2017) In case of compulsory reporting about events in aged care, it is necessary to report about assault allegation to the police and department within 24 hours and all actions should be taken to protect the identity of the staff too (Guide for reporting reportable assaults | Ageing and Aged Care 2017). While dealing with clients issues, situation may arise where the social worker or person handling the case needs to be referred to another service. In such, the key responsibility of the person is to maintain all consent and confidentiality requirements while sharing the clients information with the other service. The person needs to understand and apply good practice in information sharing. This is done by evaluating information, which needs to be disclosed, and information, which needs to be kept confidential. The Data Protection Act facilitate sharing of information in an appropriate manner and they can do this by seeking agreement with the person regarding the information that would be shared unless it is unsafe to seek agreement. Secondly, if the person reporting to other service is in doubt about sharing information, he can seek advice from related authority. A record of what needs to be shared or what does not need to be shared can also be kept (Information Sharing and Confide ntiality 2017). Employment- The community Development Programme (CDP) is one of the service in Australia that support job seekers to build skills, address barriers and find employment opportunities. It is part of the Governments plan to increase employment opportunities for citizens. Clients involves with this programme can expect to get 25 hours per week of work-like activities and contribute to the community by enhance their job related skills. They also get personal assistance to maximize the job capacity (The Community Development Programme (CDP) 2017). Physical and mental health- The Mental Health Community Intake services provides assistance to people with psychiatric condition. They can refer them and their family members to adequate Mental Health Community Support Service such as extensive care and individual level support. Clients can expect getting prompt response to know about bed-based residential rehabilitation service, get timely referral and access to service providers and get all provisions for self-management of mental and physical illness (Mental Health Community Intake EACH 2017). Housing- The Horizon Housing Company provides assistance in sustainable housing solution. Clients can get detail about rental accommodation and ownership house in Australia. They also provide affordable rates and adaptable to the changing needs of clients (Horizon Housing Company 2017) Community support- The Salvation Army is a community support services that support families when they are unable to cope with different social issues. The family support workers interact with client to discuss about their issues and needs and provide service support accordingly. Clients can expect great personal support and accommodation to address their difficulties in life (Community support services 2017). Social inclusion- The Brotherhood of St. Laurence is an organization that supports social inclusion by preventing and alleviating poverty in Australia. Their focus is on having a fair society and convincing the government to take relevant steps for the well-being of disadvantage people. People living in poverty can expect to get equal right to respect and care by contacting this service (About 2017). Education and training- The MTC Australia is a service that supports people in their employment by education and skills trainings and involving them in various training courses like youth programs and community initiatives. Clients can get access to exceptional training course to enhance their qualification and learning skills (MTC Australia Overview 2017). Financial support- The Multicultural NSW Grants Programme provides funding for community engagement and social cohesion. Their main principle of action is to engage with society, enable equitable access to service and enrich people with social and economic capacity by promoting cultural diversity. People can expect community harmony and good financial support (Multicultural NSW 2017). Reference About. 2017.Bsl.org.au. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.bsl.org.au/about/ Multicultural NSW. 2017. About. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://multicultural.nsw.gov.au/grants/about_grant_timetable/ Arnetz, J.E., Hamblin, L., Ager, J., Luborsky, M., Upfal, M.J., Russell, J. and Essenmacher, L., 2015. Underreporting of workplace violence: Comparison of self-report and actual documentation of hospital incidents.Workplace health safety,63(5), pp.200-210. CHCCCS009: Reporting and recording incidents 2017.Etraining.communitydoor.org.au. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://etraining.communitydoor.org.au/mod/page/view.php?id=206 Community support services. 2017.The Salvation Army. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.salvationarmy.org.au/en/find-help/Community-support-services/ Drummond, R.J., Sheperis, C.J. and Jones, K.D., 2015.Assessment procedures for counselors and helping professionals. Pearson. Frisch, M.B., 2014. Quality-of-life-inventory. InEncyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research(pp. 5374-5377). Springer Netherlands. Guide for reporting reportable assaults | Ageing and Aged Care. 2017.Agedcare.health.gov.au. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://agedcare.health.gov.au/ensuring-quality/aged-care-quality-and-compliance/guide-for-reporting-reportable-assaults#1 Horizon Housing Company. 2017.Horizonhousing.com.au. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.horizonhousing.com.au/index.php Information Sharing and Confidentiality. 2017.Panlancashirescb.proceduresonline.com. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://panlancashirescb.proceduresonline.com/chapters/p_info_share_confident.html Mental Health Community Intake - EACH. 2017.EACH. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.each.com.au/service/mental-health-community-intake/ MTC Australia Overview. 2017.Mtcaustralia.com.au. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.mtcaustralia.com.au/about/overview Norm-referenced assessment. 2017.Learnnc.org. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.learnnc.org/reference/norm-referenced+assessment Rashid, T., 2015. Strength-based assessment.Positive psychology in practice: Promoting human flourishing in work, health, education and everyday life, pp.519-542 Rashid, T., 2015. Strength-based assessment.Positive psychology in practice: Promoting human flourishing in work, health, education and everyday life, pp.519-542. Shute, V.J. and Kim, Y.J., 2014. Formative and stealth assessment. InHandbook of research on educational communications and technology(pp. 311-321). Springer New York. The Community Development Programme (CDP) | Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 2017.Pmc.gov.au. Retrieved 25 September 2017, from https://www.pmc.gov.au/indigenous-affairs/employment/community-development-programme-cdp